This chapter’s counter-narrative challenges the geography, temporality, and structure of Black revolution in the 1960s, decentering the U.S., acknowledging the influence of French intellectualism, and reaching back to acts of resistance of earlier generations, ultimately complicating the linear narrative of nation-bound, peaceful protest that has come to define Civil Rights. Fanon’s biographer, David Macey, gives the controversy some breathing room by elaborating the chain of events that led to dissemination of his ideas about violence. Engaging with Malcolm X’s Autobiography (1965) and selected speeches, read through the influence of Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth (1961), this essay reads the two as representative of a global Black model of revolution predicated on outwardly directed violence. Their first encounter was marked by violence and their existence together-that is to say the exploitation of the native by the settler-was carried on by dint of a great array of bayonets and cannons. In particular, the concept of alienation developed by this author is taken into. Frantz Fanon argued that violence committed by Black people toward other Black people is the symptom of alienation, frustration, and inferiorization.

It considers the violence of Black protest in the 1960s in more expansive terms, going beyond the turn-the-other-cheek violence of what often is described as nonviolent protest. The paper aims at analysing the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through the words of Frantz Fanon. Engaging with the rich complexities of revolution, this chapter troubles the accepted narrative of Black resistance in 1960s America, specifically the uses of violence, and the ways it stretches the movement across space and time.

Types of violence franz fanon